Vehicle recycling means to dismantle the automobile for spare parts. At the end of functional life, these junk vehicles have great worth as a resource of spare parts and this has created a vehicle dismantling industry.
This auto recycling market has various names to run these business outlets which include wrecking yard, vehicle dismantling yard, car spare parts dealer, and auto or vehicle recycling.
The process to recycle a vehicle is extremely complicated as there are many parts to be recycled and dangerous materials to remove. In short, the process begins with incoming new vehicles being inventoried for parts.
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Most of the high-value parts i-e electronic machinery, alternators, engine motors, infotainment systems even complete engines or transmission which may be removed if they are still can be used and can be sold to get a good price, either can be used in the same condition or to a remanufacturer for reinstallation.
Cars include thousands of individually manufactured machinery with iron, steel, and aluminum. Each year the global automotive industry uses approximately 150 million tones of this equipment. This production releases a large amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and, in the result; car production is a major part of material demand and industrial GHG emissions.
The Process to Recycle a Car:
Once a car becomes a junk vehicle, it will be taken to a certified treatment facility where it will go through the following three stages:
1: Depollution
2: Dismantlement
3: Destruction
Depollution:
When the vehicle involves in the depollution process, it means that it is having all of the dangerous materials or components safely removed as required by the environmental agency. This process is imperative because the end of life vehicles have various elements with the potential to make the environment unfriendly.
Windscreen wash, coolants, antifreeze, batteries, oil, and fuel are all examples of contaminants which need to dispose of with care to protect both the environment and people as if one of those materials can mix up in food chain or water supply, and this will create an array of health problems.
Therefore these materials must be removed by the professionals to ensure that they are disposed of properly. This process involves removing all of a car’s fluids liquids safely.
2. Dismantling:
After the dangerous liquids have been removed, the junk vehicle will also be dismantled. This process involves,
Recycling Catalytic Converters:
In this process, some of the precious metals found in catalytic converters like Palladium, Rhodium, and Platinum are involved. These metals can also be reused in various pharmaceutical & electronics products even jewelry.
Car Tyres Recycling:
This part of a vehicle has always been one of the harder materials to source a second use for. The tires can be used again in another vehicle if only a part is worn, but if not recent developments have found interesting new uses for them. In a raw form, before to meltdown, these tires are often used as roadbeds on race tracks or running track material, or as playground mulch.
Glass Recycling Process:
Glass is an amazingly versatile material and due to its composition, it can be easily recycled over and over again. Uses for glass can be anything from; more glass, ornaments, floor covering, doorknobs or it can even be ragged down into builder’s sand.
3. Destroy:
Once the depolluted & dismantled processes of a junk vehicle have been done, now it’s time for destruction which means once the vehicle has been de-constructed, the metal shell of the car will be crushed and sent to a metal mill. The following steps will be involved:
Magnetic Separation:
Usually, the majority of steel is magnetic and so it is easy to take out from other recyclable materials such as plastic.
Detinning:
Most vehicles have a thin layer of tin over them which avert the vehicle from rusting. This is very useful however it is not an essential part especially when a vehicle is being scrapped and recycled, and then the thin layer of tin is removed.
This process called Detinning by placing the scrap in a hot caustic soda solution that dissolves the tin coating. After the completion of this process, the tin can then be recovered in different ways, including; evaporation and crystallization.
Melting:
After the completion of this task to separate this thin layer tin, the steel is placed into a boiler to be melted down. Once this is done, the steel will be put into casters and rolled into new steel flat sheets.